Insulin resistance is a condition in which the body’s cells become less responsive to the effects of insulin. Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas that plays a crucial role in regulating blood sugar levels. It helps transport glucose (sugar) from the bloodstream into cells, where it can be used as a source of energy.
In a healthy individual, when blood sugar levels rise after a meal, the pancreas releases insulin to signal the cells to take up glucose from the bloodstream. However, in insulin resistance, the cells become less sensitive to the action of insulin. As a result, the pancreas produces more insulin to compensate for the decreased responsiveness of cells. This excess insulin can eventually lead to higher-than-normal levels of insulin in the blood, a condition known as hyperinsulinemia.
Insulin resistance is commonly associated with obesity, physical inactivity, and a poor diet. Over time, if insulin resistance persists, it can lead to the development of type 2 diabetes. The exact mechanisms underlying insulin resistance are not fully understood, but it is believed to involve a combination of genetic and environmental factors.
Insulin resistance is often accompanied by other metabolic abnormalities, such as dyslipidemia (abnormal levels of blood lipids) and hypertension (high blood pressure). It is also closely associated with conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
Managing insulin resistance typically involves lifestyle modifications, such as adopting a healthy diet, engaging in regular physical activity, and maintaining a healthy weight. Medications, such as metformin, may also be prescribed to improve insulin sensitivity and control blood sugar levels. Treating underlying conditions, such as PCOS or NAFLD, can also help alleviate insulin resistance. Supplements can also help with insulin resistance. Learn more about such supplements here!